Recharge occurs both naturally through the water cycle and through anthropogenic processes i. Waterresource deficits have led to the need for artificial groundwater recharge techniques to provide drinking water for rural. Introduction the artificial recharge to ground water aims at augmentation of ground water reservoir by modifying the natural movement of surface water utilizing suitable civil construction techniques. In california and elsewhere, artificial recharge practices are increasingly being used as a means o augment groundwater availability and improve the overall reliability of water sup plies. Artificial recharge of groundwater in hard rocks with special. Explanation of groundwater conservation by artificial recharge from the chiang mai royal flora ratchaphruek 2011 by the department of groundwater resources in thailand. The water scarcity is one of the major issue which is yet to not solve completely and depletion of the water table has become a major problem across the world. The main purpose of ground water dam is to arrest the flow of ground water out of the subbasin and increase the storage within the aquifer. Manual on artificial recharge of ground water central ground. This article throws light upon the top nine methods of groundwater recharge. Groundwater recharge groundwater recharge is a hydrologic process where water moves downward from surface water to groundwater. Gv41 58 and 68 miniwatersheds are such overdeveloped areas where the groundwater. Artificial recharge of ground water manual on artificial recharge of ground water recharge water moves according to two systems of flow, one resulting in a spreading out effect with a speed related to the recharge flow and the other in a sliding effect, with a speed related to ground water flow.
Two effects are generated by artificial recharge in ground water reservoir namely a rise in water level and b increment in the total volume of the ground water reservoir. Possibility of artificial recharge in overdeveloped. Pdf new methods of artificial recharge of aquifers. Direct and indirect methods can be used to assess groundwater characteristics including.
Groundwater recharge potential for sustainable water use. The artificial recharge is the augmentation of underground aquifers by some methods of construction by artificially changing the natural conditions. Usgs maintains a network of active wells to provide basic statistics about groundwater levels. Impacts of soil conservation on groundwater recharge in the semiarid loess plateau, china john b. Bear2 1042016 artificial recharge of groundwater aquifers ar, performed through infiltration ponds and through recharge wells, has been practiced in israel since the 1960s as an important component of the integrated management of surface and groundwater. Stated simply, artificial recharge is a process by which excess surface water is directed into the groundeither by spreading on the surface, by using recharge. Artificial recharge building, sea, important, system. Artificial groundwater recharge is a process by which the groundwater reservoir is augmented at a rate exceeding the augmentation rate under natural conditions of replenishment. Concept of artificial recharge recharging practices began in 19th century in europe.
The zoning of groundwater recharge potential would be attractive. Analysis of groundwater migration from artificial recharge in. Conceptually, a groundwater recharge bmp will recharge the runoff it receives from its drainage area for all. It is most necessary to take steps for conservation by increase of groundwater accumulation through natural as well as artificial recharge. Artificial recharge of groundwater by injection well. Groundwater conservation by artificial recharge youtube.
Many different techniques and purposes exist for causing ar, but this discussion focuses on augmentation of a water supply for later use. Feasibility this entails evaluation of the dynamics of groundwater flow and basin recharge, and consideration of options for artificial recharge techniques that can be used. Artificial recharge is increasingly used for short or longterm underground storage, where it has several advantages over surface storage, and in water reuse. Conservation and storage of excess surface water for future requirements, since. Artificial recharge of groundwater linkedin slideshare. Manual on artificial recharge of ground water v list of tables table no description page 2. At a few places subsurface dams are also constructed. Sketch of a section at a site suitable only for artificial recharge through an.
The most widely practiced methods of artificial recharge of groundwater employ different techniques of increasing the contact are and resident time of surface water with the soil so that maximum quantity of water can infiltrate and augment the groundwater storage. A ground water dam is a sub surface barrier across stream which retards the natural ground water flow of the system and stores water below ground surface to meet the demands during the period of need. Artificial recharge techniques normally address to following issues. Full length video documentary groundwater recharge methods produced for cws, hyderabad by shramajeevi. Artificial groundwater recharge is a process by which the groundwater reservoir is. Artificial recharge of aquifer is the process of adding water to an aquifer through human effort. Natural and artificial groundwater recharge involve the same basic physical and geochemical processes, but with some important differences. Special emphasis is placed on the use of reclaimed municipal wastewater as a source for artificial recharge of groundwater. In this thesis, the capacity of small lakes to produce significant seepage and recharge to the underlying aquifer within city limits is explored for dck. Groundwater recharge also encompasses water moving away from the water table farther into the saturated zone. Overview what is artificial groundwater recharge need for artificial recharge identification of areas for recharge water sources factors affecting artificial groundwater recharge methods of artificial recharge case studies advantages of artificial groundwater recharge conclusion 3 february 2017 230. Artificial recharge of groundwater by injection well laxman kharal, nepal sustainable environmental sanitation and water services the land area of the kathmandu valley is 600 square kilometers sq.
Yet even with full development of artificial recharge. The following issues are considered during the planning of artificial recharge system. Waterresource deficits have led to the need for artificial groundwaterrecharge techniques to provide drinking water for rural. The water which is stored in the pores of the soil strata by infiltration is known as groundwater. Aug 15, 2015 full length video documentary groundwater recharge methods produced for cws, hyderabad by shramajeevi. One result of the growing competition for water is increased attention to the use of artificial recharge to augment ground water supplies. The design computations in the njgrs are based on a number of analytic techniques and databases. Impacts of soil conservation on groundwater recharge in the. Singhal department of earth sciences, university ofroorkee, roorkee 247667, india abstract the common method of artificial recharge in hard rock terrains is by percolation tanks.
Index terms water scarcity, groundwater, artificial recharge, techniques, runoff, site selection i. Groundwater recharge enhancement including techniques of water harvesting and artificial recharge is another subject which until recently was much more talked about than practised. Stated simply, artificial recharge is a process by which excess surface water is. There are two main techniques of rain water harvesting. To provide scientifically, appropriate locations for constructing artificial recharge structures, each hydrogeomorphic unit will be evaluated for its recharge potential and suitably a map showing such groundwater recharge potential zones for appropriate recharge will be prepared. Therefore, the assessment of groundwater potential and scope for artificial recharge in the overdeveloped watersheds is very crucial. Artificial recharge of groundwater in hard rocks with special reference to india b. Demands for water increases as our population grow. Recharge is the primary method through which water enters an aquifer. Given that natural recharge cant keep up with our demands for groundwater, humans can help to recharge the aquifer artificially by purposefully moving water into the underlying groundwater basin for storage. However, it is a matter of common observation that gravity irrigation on agricultural soils and urban mains leakage and insitu wastewater. Artificial groundwater recharge of gandhinagar district. In the absence of a widespread understanding and internalisation of the integral link between surface and groundwater, it is not surprising that.
Jan 22, 2012 explanation of groundwater conservation by artificial recharge from the chiang mai royal flora ratchaphruek 2011 by the department of groundwater resources in thailand. Artificial recharge programmes are typically conducted in three phases. Artificial recharge of groundwater is the process of adding water to an aquifer through human effort. Guide on artificial recharge central ground water board. Usgs water science centers are located in each state. Artificial recharge artificial recharge also known as aquifer reinjection is the process of injecting or recharging water into the ground in a controlled way, by means of special recharge wells. Artificial recharge of groundwater focuses on artificial recharge of groundwater basins as a means to increase the natural supply of groundwater, along with the technical issues involved. The artificial recharge techniques inter relate land integrate the source water to ground water reservoir.
The volume of water held in subsurface storage is variable depending on how full the aquifer is, which is a function of inflows and outflows. This study aims that recharging the groundwater of and tries to overcome the scarcity of water in gandhinagar district. The necessity of artificial recharge of aquifers is increasing day by day due to excessive demand of water by the evergrowing population and also because of the scarcity of good dam sites available for construction. Thus it can be concluded that artificial recharge give the reduction of runoff, increased availability of ground water especially in summer month, increase in irrigation, revival of springs, improvement in ground water quality. Artificial recharge is the practice of increasing by artificial means the amount of water that enters a groundwater reservoir. Proceedings dutchgerman workshop on artificial recharge of groundwater, sept.
Importance of ar identification of area for recharge recharge techniques direct methods indirect methods advantages 3. In most artificial recharge schemes, aquifers are used for water storage and reuse. The most common methods for direct artificial recharge are using recharge ponds and injection wells. In such areas, there is need for artificial recharge of groundwater by methods such as water spreading, recharge. Artificial recharge of groundwater civil engineering. Identification of groundwater recharge potential zones for a. Jan 26, 2002 artificial recharge of groundwater is achieved by putting surface water in basins, furrows, ditches, or other facilities where it infiltrates into the soil and moves downward to recharge aquifers. In this paper we are concerned with the fate and long term water quality implications of artificial recharge in the. The surplus rainwater can then be used to recharge groundwater aquifer through artificial. The increased use of reclaimed water for artificial groundwater recharge purposes has led to concerns about future groundwater quality, particularly as it relates to the introduction of new organic and inorganic contaminants into the subsurface. Artificial recharge to replenish groundwater resources is becoming more common in arid areas. The water is pumped from the dewatering system and then piped to the recharge location, which may be a considerable distance away, where the water.